The deductive research approach is a form of drawing valid interpretations through keen observations and data collection. In this type of research, the researchers start with the theory, make a hypothesis, generalise the concept and test it. Using such an approach may offer you the possibility to define a causal relationship between concepts and variables. The deductive approach in qualitative research allows you to make predictions and evaluate the theoretical knowledge. Typically, it will establish conclusions with logical certainty.
There are many factors contributing to the difficulty level of deductive approach research in your dissertation. It might be the number of details or time constraints. These factors may hinder your performance. But you don't need to fall for it, as we will discuss top tips that can save you from these inconsistencies.
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What Is a Deductive Research Approach?
The deductive reasoning approach is the top-down method where the researcher starts with general ideas and analyses them through various observations. It is based on quantitative research that uses objective and empirical methods to gather and analyse the data. The process starts with formulating a research problem to form a whole theoretical framework after the experiment.
How to Use a Deductive Research Approach in A Dissertation?
Carrying out a deductive approach to research can be challenging for many researchers. The complexity is primarily concerned with the solid evidence required to prove a statement. You can’t involve any feeling, emotion or personal observation to support your stance. If you are also struggling with applying this approach to your dissertation, there are many ways to make this process easier for you. So, keep reading that you do not be worried about its implementation in your next research project.
1. Create a Problem Statement
One of the thumb rules to formulate your problem statement in a deductive approach is to be aware of the general rule. It starts with a general idea, and you proceed to a specific conclusion. To craft a concise and concrete problem statement, you can find answers to the concerns below.
- What needs to be addressed?
- What are the objectives of your research?
- What is already known about the problem?
- Why do you need to know more about this topic?
2. Formulate a Falsifiable Hypothesis
The hypothesis is an important part of research that allows practical testing to add valuable scientific knowledge. Consider it like a roadmap for your whole research journey that makes it purposeful. When using the deductive approach in research, you need to craft a falsifiable hypothesis. It needs to be measurable, specific and testable.
This way, it can highlight the variables, population and the relations that you are investigating. Such a hypothesis can be disapproved by evidence. For instance, you say, “Aliens do not exist”. This statement can be countered easily by presenting evidence of their presence on this planet.
3. Collect Data to Test the Hypothesis
The data collection in the deductive research approach is a systematic process. It helps you to acquire first-hand knowledge about your problem statement. Before you begin with this process, define the aim of the research, the methodology and the type of data to collect. This process is followed by testing your hypothesis, which will take place in four stages.
- State whether the hypothesis is null or alternative.
- Perform a statistical analysis.
- Decide whether you can reject the null hypothesis or not.
- Present your findings.
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4. Analyse and Test the Data
To analyse your deductive research approach findings, identify the premise and the conclusion. You need to check if the arguments are valid and sound. Here, look at its logical progress and know whether it is valid with the true premise.
For instance, if you have a premise that “All tragedies end with death” and conclude from here “Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy”. Now compare your premise and conclusion to analyse if it sounds rational or if anyone denies the other statement.
5. Decide Whether You Can Reject the Null Hypothesis
After going through a statistical analysis for your deductive research approach, it's time to decide whether the null hypothesis is to be rejected or not. For this purpose, you can take note in the following manner.
- If you have two samples and there is no significant statistical difference, then you can accept the null hypothesis.
- If you see a prominent statistical difference between two samples, then the null hypothesis can be rejected.
What Is the Difference Between Inductive Approach and Deductive Approach?
Both deductive and inductive approaches in research differ significantly from each other. The main difference is how research is done, how data is analysed, and what the goals are. Inductive reasoning starts with data and observation, while deductive research starts with theory and hypothesis.
In the same manner, the research approaches, deductive and inductive, are different. Inductive reasoning is used to learn about phenomena where there is limited research, but deductive research wants to test a well-known theory to check its accuracy.
Deductive Research Approach Examples
Comprehending deductive reasoning can be difficult unless you are aware of an example explaining the framework of its implementation. Voxco provides a similar example, which is displayed below.
Conclusion
The deductive research approach is one of the most popular forms of research. It is helpful for the researcher, especially when they are interested in testing a well-known theory. All the claims will be solely based on the experimentation to reject the null hypothesis or not. In the above guide, we have discussed all the key steps that every researcher involved in such inspection must be aware of. This framework will keep you focused on your goal throughout your research journey.
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